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Add generic type examples

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This commit is contained in:
Timothy Warren 2019-01-31 11:42:19 -05:00
parent 17f7e4dfcf
commit abdd1da877
7 changed files with 291 additions and 47 deletions
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2
.idea/misc.xml
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@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
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8
.idea/rust.iml
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@ -63,12 +63,20 @@
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167
.idea/workspace.xml
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@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
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@ -88,11 +113,11 @@
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@ -112,7 +137,13 @@
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@ -145,7 +176,7 @@
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@ -173,7 +204,7 @@
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@ -212,6 +243,26 @@
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<method v="2" />
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<option name="channel" value="DEFAULT" />
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<option name="channel" value="DEFAULT" />
<option name="command" value="run --package largest_number --bin largest_number" />
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<option name="command" value="run --package modules --bin modules" />
@ -222,26 +273,6 @@
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<method v="2" />
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<option name="channel" value="DEFAULT" />
<option name="command" value="run --package rectangles --bin rectangles" />
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<option name="backtrace" value="SHORT" />
<option name="workingDirectory" value="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/rectangles" />
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<option name="command" value="run --package structs --bin structs" />
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<option name="workingDirectory" value="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/structs" />
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<option name="TEST_OBJECT" value="class" />
<option name="WORKING_DIRECTORY" value="$MODULE_DIR$" />
@ -251,20 +282,20 @@
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<item itemvalue="Cargo Command.Run generics" />
<item itemvalue="Cargo Command.Run largest_number" />
<item itemvalue="Cargo Command.Run errors" />
<item itemvalue="Cargo Command.Run modules" />
<item itemvalue="Cargo Command.Run enums" />
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@ -272,7 +303,7 @@
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@ -465,10 +503,45 @@
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7
generics/Cargo.toml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
[package]
name = "generics"
version = "0.1.0"
authors = ["Timothy Warren <twarren@nabancard.com>"]
edition = "2018"
[dependencies]

80
generics/src/lib.rs Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
use std::fmt::Display;
struct Pair<T> {
x: T,
y: T,
}
impl<T> Pair<T> {
fn new(x: T, y: T) -> Self {
Self {
x,
y,
}
}
}
// Only implements method if both traits are satisfied
impl<T: Display + PartialOrd> Pair<T> {
fn cmp_display(&self) {
if self.x >= self.y {
println!("The largest member is x = {}", self.x);
} else {
println!("The largest member is y = {}", self.y);
}
}
}
pub trait Summary {
fn summarize_author(&self) -> String;
// default implementation
fn summarize(&self) -> String {
String::from("(Read more...)")
}
}
pub struct NewsArticle {
pub headline: String,
pub location: String,
pub author: String,
pub content: String,
}
impl Summary for NewsArticle {
fn summarize_author(&self) -> String {
self.author.to_string()
}
fn summarize(&self) -> String {
format!("{}, by {} ({})", self.headline, self.author, self.location)
}
}
pub struct Tweet {
pub username: String,
pub content: String,
pub reply: bool,
pub retweet: bool,
}
// Uses default implementation for summarize method
impl Summary for Tweet {
fn summarize_author(&self) -> String {
format!("@{}", self.username)
}
}
pub fn returns_summarizable() -> impl Summary {
Tweet {
username: String::from("horse_ebooks"),
content: String::from("of course, as you probably already know, people"),
reply: false,
retweet: false,
}
}
// Function/method requiring a trait's implementation
// pub fn notify(item: impl Summary) {
// println!("Breaking news! {}", item.summarize());
// }

40
generics/src/main.rs Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
mod lib;
mod point;
use point::{Point, DoubleGenericPoint};
// Works on types implementing both the PartialOrd and Copy traits
fn largest<T: PartialOrd + Copy>(list: &[T]) -> T {
let mut largest = list[0];
for &item in list.iter() {
if item > largest {
largest = item;
}
}
largest
}
fn main() {
let number_list = vec![34, 50, 25, 100, 65];
let result = largest(&number_list);
println!("The largest number is {}", result);
let char_list = vec!['y', 'm', 'a', 'q'];
let result = largest(&char_list);
println!("The largest char is {}", result);
let p = Point { x: 5, y: 10 };
println!("p.x = {}", p.x());
let p1 = DoubleGenericPoint { x: 5, y: 10.4 };
let p2 = DoubleGenericPoint { x: "Hello", y: 'c'};
let p3 = p1.mixup(p2);
println!("p3.x = {}, p3.y = {}", p3.x, p3.y);
}

34
generics/src/point.rs Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
// Double generic types for a struct
pub struct DoubleGenericPoint<T, U> {
pub x: T,
pub y: U,
}
impl<T,U> DoubleGenericPoint<T, U> {
// Takes a generic of potentially different types than the parent struct
pub fn mixup<V, W>(self, other: DoubleGenericPoint<V,W>) -> DoubleGenericPoint<T, W> {
DoubleGenericPoint {
x: self.x,
y: other.y
}
}
}
pub struct Point<T> {
pub x: T,
pub y: T,
}
// Implement generic methods on a generic struct
impl<T> Point<T> {
pub fn x(&self) -> &T {
&self.x
}
}
// Implement a method for only a specific type of generic
impl Point<f32> {
fn distance_from_origin(&self) -> f32 {
(self.x.powi(2) + self.y.powi(2)).sqrt()
}
}