154 lines
4.2 KiB
Markdown
154 lines
4.2 KiB
Markdown
# Query
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A query builder/database abstraction layer, using prepared statements for security.
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[](https://jenkins.timshomepage.net/job/query/)
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[](https://scrutinizer-ci.com/g/aviat4ion/Query/?branch=develop)
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[](https://scrutinizer-ci.com/g/aviat4ion/Query/?branch=develop)
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[](https://packagist.org/packages/aviat4ion/query)
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[](https://packagist.org/packages/aviat4ion/query)
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[](https://packagist.org/packages/aviat4ion/query)
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[](http://www.dbad-license.org/)
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## Requirements
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* PDO extensions for the databases you wish to use (unless it's Firebird, in which case, the interbase extension is required)
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* Supported version of PHP (Older versions may work, but are not supported)
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## Databases Supported
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* Firebird (via interbase extension)
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* MySQL
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* PostgreSQL
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* SQLite
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## Including Query in your application
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* Install via composer and include `vendor/autoload.php`
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or
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* Just include the `autoload.php` file. This will automatically load the classes that are supported by the current PHP installation.
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## Connecting
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Create a connection array or object similar to this:
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```php
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<?php
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$params = array(
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'type' => 'mysql', // mysql, pgsql, firebird, sqlite
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'host' => 'localhost', // address or socket
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'user' => 'root',
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'pass' => '',
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'port' => '3306',
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'database' => 'test_db',
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// Only required for
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// SQLite or Firebird
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'file' => '/path/to/db/file',
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// Optional paramaters
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'prefix' => 'tbl_', // Database table prefix
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'alias' => 'old' // Connection name for the Query function
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);
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$db = Query($params);
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```
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The parameters required depend on the database.
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### Query function
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You can use the `Query()` function as a reference to the last connected database. E.g.
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```php
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<?php
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Query()->get('table_name');
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// or
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$result = Query()->query($sql);
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```
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If the `alias` key is set in the parameters, you can refer to a specific database connection
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```php
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<?php
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// Set the alias in the connection parameters
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$params['alias'] = 'old';
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// Connect to the legacy database
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Query('old')->query($sql);
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```
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### Running Queries
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Query uses the same interface as CodeIgniter's [Query Builder](http://www.codeigniter.com/user_guide/database/query_builder.html) class. However, it does not implement the `update_batch` or caching methods. For specific query builder methods, see the [class documentation](https://gitdev.timshomepage.net/Query/docs/classes/Query_QueryBuilder.html#methods).
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#### You can also run queries manually.
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To run a prepared statement, call
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`$db->prepare_execute($sql, $params)`.
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To run a plain query, `$db->query($sql)`
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### Retrieving Results:
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An example of a moderately complex query:
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```php
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<?php
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$query = $db->select('id, key as k, val')
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->from('table t')
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->where('k >', 3)
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->or_where('id !=' 5)
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->order_by('val', 'DESC')
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->limit(3, 1)
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->get();
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```
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This will generate a query similar to (with this being the output for a PostgreSQL database):
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```sql
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SELECT "id", "key" AS "k", "val"
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FROM "table" "t"
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WHERE "k" > ?
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OR "id" != ?
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ORDER BY "val" DESC
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LIMIT 3 OFFSET 1
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```
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To retrieve the results of a query, use the PDO method [fetch](http://php.net/manual/en/pdostatement.fetch.php) and/or [fetchAll](http://php.net/manual/en/pdostatement.fetchall.php).
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```php
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<?php
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$query = $db->get('table_name');
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$results = $query->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
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```
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### Inserting / Updating
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An example of an insert query:
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```php
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<?php
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$query = $db->set('foo', 'bar')
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->set('foobar', 'baz')
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->where('foo !=', 'bar')
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->insert('table');
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```
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An example of an update query:
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```php
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<?php
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$query = $db->set('foo', 'bar')
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->set('foobar', 'baz')
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->where('foo !=', 'bar')
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->update('table');
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```
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The `set` method can also take an array as a parameter, instead of setting individual values.
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