pub trait Messenger { fn send(&self, msg: &str); } pub struct LimitTracker<'a, T: 'a + Messenger> { messenger: &'a T, value: usize, max: usize, } impl<'a, T> LimitTracker<'a, T> where T: Messenger { pub fn new(messenger: &T, max: usize) -> LimitTracker { LimitTracker { messenger, value: 0, max, } } pub fn set_value(&mut self, value: usize) { self.value = value; let percentage_of_max = self.value as f64 / self.max as f64; if percentage_of_max >=1.0 { self.messenger.send("Error: You are over your quota!"); } else if percentage_of_max >= 0.9 { self.messenger.send("Urgent warning: You've used up over 90% of your quota!"); } else if percentage_of_max >= 0.75 { self.messenger.send("Warning: You've used up over 75% of your quota!"); } } } #[cfg(test)] mod tests { use super::*; use std::cell::RefCell; struct MockMessenger { // RefCell wraps the vector in a way that it can be mutably // referenced at runtime sent_messages: RefCell>, } impl MockMessenger { fn new() -> MockMessenger { MockMessenger { sent_messages: RefCell::new(vec![]) } } } impl Messenger for MockMessenger { fn send(&self, message: &str) { // If we tried to create another mutable borrow in this scope, // it would cause a panic. Same rules as at compile time. self.sent_messages.borrow_mut().push(String::from(message)); } } #[test] fn it_sends_an_over_75_percent_warning_message() { let mock_messenger = MockMessenger::new(); let mut limit_tracker = LimitTracker::new(&mock_messenger, 100); limit_tracker.set_value(80); assert_eq!(mock_messenger.sent_messages.borrow().len(), 1); } }